The Irish Water Spaniel is the largest of all the Spaniel breeds, with males reaching anywhere from 55 to 65 pounds and the females only ten less. They are solid brown, curly coated dogs with a hairless, rat-like tail and smooth short-coated face. They have a rather large head with an arched skull. The curly outer coat is lined with a dense undercoat, which helps insulate the dog against cold water (they were, after all, swimming in Ireland). A topknot of curls on the head hangs down to protect almond-hazel colored eyes. One of the most distinctive features of the Irish Water Spaniel is a tail that has often been described as "rat-like" because it is covered by thick curls of hair at the base, but then appears bare, like a rat's. The Irish Water Spaniel is one of the oldest and most distinctive of Spaniels, mentioned in written manuscripts, many of them a hundred years old. Do not let the "rat tail" prejudice you, for this is a fine looking dog.
The Irish Water Spaniel does best in the country, as it is a dog that is highly energetic and needs a lot of exercise and activity. Before the popularity of the Labrador retriever in America, in the late 1800's, the Irish Water Spaniel was considered the best over all species for hunting and as a family dog. These Spaniels need daily exercise, and do well when they have a safe area to romp around in. If you do live in town, these Spaniels are always up for a long walk or swim. Always make sure to have proper ID tags 
fixed to the collar and a good leash that gives them some freedom to wander, but will not let them escape completely.
They are intelligent and can learn very quickly, but their somewhat clownish appearance seems to match their personality. They are intentionally a touch mischievous and have a natural tendency to be stubborn and independent. These are dogs with attitude, but they can be trained to be obedient. There are various training manuals, and products that can help you in this endeavor. Doggie treats are also available for positive reinforcement of obedience training.
The Irish Water Spaniel sheds little or no hair, which makes it a good dog breed for people prone to allergies. However, much grooming is required for this breed since the coat can tend to mat. Brushing at least twice a week is a good idea, and skilled trimming of the coat is necessary, as well as combing and brushing. Good combs, brushes, shears, and other tools can be found at any well-stocked pet store.
The Irish Water Spaniel has the winning combination of strong retrieving ability in any weather and the disposition of a gentle family dog. It does well as an outside dog, though it can adjust to indoor living, as long as it receives proper exercise and training to use up some of its bounding energy. The Irish Water Spaniel is a good-looking, intelligent dog suited for country living, and can make a great companion to someone with the energy to build that healthy relationship between human and pet.
